Read the Three Tissue Systems
Plant bodies are organised into dermal, ground and vascular tissue systems.
Living-system questions are solved by matching a structure or organism to its function, process and stated condition.
Locate each system
The epidermis forms the outer covering; the ground system fills much of the body and includes simple permanent tissues; vascular tissues conduct water, minerals and sugars. Systems are classified by their nature and location.
Recognise epidermal and ground features
Stomatal apparatus includes the pore, guard cells and associated specialised cells; roots generally lack stomata and a typical cuticle. Ground tissue is fundamental because it forms much of the basic plant body. Leaf mesophyll contains chloroplast-rich ground tissue; trichomes are epidermal hairs.
Casparian strip and water movement
The Casparian strip blocks apoplastic flow through endodermal cell walls. Water and mineral ions must cross a membrane into the symplast before entering the stele and xylem.
OlympIQ exam lens
- ✓Dermal = outer covering; vascular = transport; ground = intervening tissues.
- ✓Ground tissue is fundamental.
- ✓Trichomes are epidermal hairs; leaf ground tissue is mesophyll.
One fill-in question has incomplete answer choices; five of six assigned tissue-system questions are linked (83%).
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